1.Steel Tubes and Pipes: Steel is one of the most common materials for scaffolding due to its strength, durability, and ability to bear heavy loads. Steel tubes and pipes form the main structure of scaffolds and are easily adjustable.

2.Aluminum Tubes: Lightweight and corrosion-resistant, aluminum is commonly used for portable scaffolding systems and projects where frequent repositioning is necessary.

3.Couplers: These are connectors used to join scaffold pipes together, allowing the framework to be expanded or modified. Types of couplers include right-angle, swivel, and sleeve couplers.

4.Ladders and Staircases: These are installed on scaffolding structures to provide safe access to different levels of the scaffold.